As I see and hear about "gay bashing" I ask myself what Im I really seeing? Take a hand shovel and dig a small hole. What do you have. A small mound of dirt next to the hole - cause, effect. What is driving gay bashing? A weakness on the perpetrators part. (perpetrators can be an individual, a group of people, a government (Russia), a religion.) The perpetrators are poorly educated and fear the unknown. In some/many cases when perpetrators stoke the fire(s) against LGBT people, they are using fear as a tool to consolidate power and control. (ah there we go back to that power and control thing - just like in the Catholic church or any other religion for that matter. ) It's really that simple. https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/03/asia/malaysia-gay-rights-lesbian-caning-intl/index.html